And everywhere his audience had the knowledge of the Bible on which Jesus so often based his teaching. But for their day-to-day worship, the local synagogue served their needs, whether they lived in Palestine or in one of the many Jewish colonies that were established abroad. The Torah scrolls would be brought out by the hazzan and would be read in several portions, sometimes as many as seven. Modern readers of the New Testament are often confronted with a frustrating reality that the New Testament authors wrote without explaining important details. Truly I say to you, they have their reward in full. Worship also took place in first-century synagogues, although this would not develop into something like modern Jewish synagogue worship until much later. Priests and Levites would then read portions of the law. For the official Church websites, please visit churchofjesuschrist.org or comeuntochrist.org. . Mark 1:21 John 6:59 Luke 4:16 Synagogues are the predecessor of churches. It is likely that these godly people, having learned a hard lesson about the importance of obedience to God, assembled regularly to study his Torah to prevent the sins of their ancestors from being repeated. Also Jeshua, Bani, Sherebiah, Jamin, Akkub, Shabbethai, Hodiah, Maaseiah, Kelita, Azariah, Jozabad, Hanan, Pelaiah, the Levites, explained the law to the people while the people remained in their place. Now, Augustine's conclusion is that for Paul and for Christians, the way we're reconciled to God is through faith. Where did Jesus teach in the temple? By engaging archaeology and other ancient, non-biblical literary sources, we can better understand the details the New Testament authors assumed their readers knew, and by doing so, we can better understand their writings. Whatever we heard was done at Capernaum, do here in your hometown as well.. When they bring you before the synagogues and the rulers and the authorities, do not worry about how or what you are to speak in your defense, or what you are to say; His parents said this because they were afraid of the Jews; for the Jews had already agreed that if anyone confessed Him to be Christ, he was to be put out of the synagogue. Advertisement. 6:4). This would have been a natural thing for Jesus to do since he was a . 13:54), healed in them (Luke 4:33-35; Mark 3:1-5), and debated the interpretation of Torah in them (John 6:28-59). For Permission to Quote Information visit http://www.lockman.org, Now in the seventh year, in the fifth month, on the tenth of the month, certain of the elders of Israel came to inquire of the. But the Jews who disbelieved stirred up the minds of the Gentiles and embittered them against the brethren. Synagogue is a Greek word that literally means a gathering of people but also refers to the place of assembly. As long as the Temple stood in Jerusalem, synagogues apparently did not face Jerusalem. Unfortunately this is the first of several sabbath events that will end in controversy (4:31-37; 6:1-5, 6-11; 13:10-17; 14:1-5). In spite of the later emphasis on prayer and study in the place of assembly, it is likely the main focus of the early gatherings of Jewish people was simply the need to maintain their identity as a people living in a foreign and pagan country. Originally, it probably referred to the gathered people and over time came to refer to the place of assembly as well. Without the temple, synagogues provided already-established communal institutions that would ultimately develop into the new centers of Jewish worship. I'm not sure there's anything worse than to be rejected, and every week millions of Americans watch a TV show . And they were astonished at His doctrine . . (Mark 1:21 - 22, see also Luke 4:33 - 35, HBFV throughout). Jesus was going through all the cities and villages, teaching in their synagogues and proclaiming the gospel of the kingdom, and healing every kind of disease and every kind of sickness. 6 Jesus went out from there and *came into [] His hometown; and His disciples *followed Him. and asked for letters from him to the synagogues at Damascus, so that if he found any belonging to the Way, both men and women, he might bring them bound to Jerusalem. This directional design does not appear within the first century synagogues discovered in the land of Israel indicating that prayer was not the primary function of the synagogue. c 16 And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up. He read from it before the square which was in front of the Water Gate from early morning until midday, in the presence of men and women, those who could understand; and all the people were attentive to the book of the law. Since the learning of the community was passed orally, memorization of tradition and God's Word were essential. 23:6). The gospels record several occasions when Jesus performed a healing on the Sabbath day.In most of those instances, the healing was followed by a confrontation with the religious leaders (Mark 3:1-6, Luke 6:6-10; 13:10-17; 14:1-6; John 5:1-18). The Gospels record that "Jesus went throughout Galilee, teaching in their synagogues." He overturned the tables of the money changers, drove out the people buying and selling sacrificial animals, and accused the . If you would like to read more the first century synagogues, I recommend Alfred Edersheim's "The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah", book 3, chapter 10. for he loves our nation and it was he who built us our synagogue., New American Standard Bible Copyright 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation, La Habra, Calif. All rights reserved. Clearly, he belonged to the community of the synagogue, because when he visited Nazareth, he was scheduled to read the Haphtarah (Luke 4:16-30) and may have read the Torah as well as he concludes with a provocative derashah. . The architecture of these early synagogues, in fact, corroborates the primary role of the synagogue as a place of Torah reading and teaching as expressed in the Theodotos inscription and the literary sources. 1:10ff). He would announce the coming Sabbath with blasts on the shofar (ram's horn). So then, it is lawful to do good on the Sabbath." The hazzan was sometimes the teacher of the synagogue school, especially in smaller villages. And He began teaching in their synagogues and was praised by all. Verse Concepts. The early Christians continued to attend synagogues, though with a new interpretation of the Torah, now that Jesus had been revealed as Messiah (Acts 13:14). 20 Jesus answered him, "I have spoken openly to the world. Worship (prayer) was a natural extension of the life of the community. Ezra opened the book in the sight of all the people for he was standing above all the people; and when he opened it, all the people stood up. . Of course, not all decoration is architectural. And he was reasoning in the synagogue every Sabbath and trying to persuade Jews and Greeks. Synagogue. The hazzan also cared for the Torah scrolls and other sacred writings and brought them out at the appropriate times (Luke 4:1-20). Designed by Elegant Themes | Powered by WordPress. The new community of Jesus was born out of the synagogue. The service began with several blessings offered to God. Take the site of Capernaum, perhaps the most visited site in the Galilee in any tour of the Land. How many times did Jesus visit Jerusalem. But at the beginning of his ministry, we read in John 1:1-11, his mother, Mary, was with him at a wedding in Cana. . In the time of Jesus, the synagogue was in the center of the town. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. law made each man theoretically competent to teach, to preach, and to lead the worship of the congregation. clear that the village synagogue in post-exilic times gradually came to be the real nucleus of the Jewish communal life, and the . How did Jesus teach in the synagogue? Behold, I will cause those of the synagogue of Satan, who say that they are Jews and are not, but lieI will make them come and bow down at your feet, and make them know that I have loved you. It is the first time the New Testament records religious leaders actively watching to see if Christ violated one of their rules regarding proper Sabbath observance (Matthew 12:10). For the first time in his ministry, Jesus preached at his home synagogue. Although the origin of the synagogue as a Jewish institution is unclear, by the first century C.E. Mark 1:21-28 describes Jesus teaching and healing in the synagogue. The delegate would open the service with various benedictions and recitations. And all the people in the synagogue were filled with rage as they heard these things; and they got up and drove Him out of the city, and led Him to the brow of the hill on which their city had been built, in order to throw Him down the cliff. (Jesus' encounter with the wise teachers in the Temple courts was unusual not so much because of his age, but because of the wise questions he asked, see Luke 2:41-47.) He almost certainly did. Jesus Heals a Man with a Wicked Spirit. Jesus made it a point to heal someone in front of these self-righteous leaders to show that "it is lawful to do good on the Sabbaths" (Matthew 12:12), even though such efforts required a certain amount of work (see John 5:16 - 17). El Greco, Christ Driving the Money Changers from the Temple, c1570. Jesus' message seems to have been met with a mixed reception. Whatever we heard was done at Capernaum, do here in your hometown as well. And He said, Truly I say to you, no prophet is welcome in his hometown. Then they (Jesus and the disciples) went into Capernaum; and on the Sabbath day He immediately went into the synagogue and taught the people. Jesus went through all the towns and villages, teaching in their synagogues, proclaiming the good news of the kingdom and healing every disease and sickness. I know Who You are - the Holy One of God!" Finally a sermon was given by a preacher. and he took food and was strengthened.Now for several days he was with the disciples who were at Damascus, and immediately he began to proclaim Jesus in the synagogues, saying, He is the Son of God.. His life seemed to follow the education practices of his people quite closely. Around the age of 30, we know Jesus started his ministry. Additionally, there is not a single Scripture that even hints demons (or Satan himself) ever received or exercised the power to heal! A local caretaker (unfortunately sometimes called "ruler" in the English Bible), called the hazzan, was responsible for maintaining the building and organizing the prayer services (Mark 5:22, 35?36, 38; Luke 8:41-49, 13:14). 4:23). For example, "he stood up to read" (Luke 4:16; see t. Sukkah 2.10), most likely standing before a Torah reading stand like rested upon the stone base discovered at Magdala. Mark 1:21. Some believe it was about the time of the exile of the Jews to Babylon (607-537 B.C.E. The word synagogue is derived from the Greek word 'Sinagogos.'. 1 But who nevertheless made pilgrimage to Jerusalem only once a . And when He saw her, Jesus called her to Him and said to her, "Woman, you have been loosed from your infirmity." The iconography of this stone derives from the temple and its worship. Question-and-answer sessions between teacher and student were added to the memorization drills. They did this because their original audience understood them. What did the synogogue look like in Jesus' time? Lukes account, in fact, provides the earliest mention of the reading of the Prophets along with the Torah on the Sabbath in the synagogue within ancient Jewish sources (see also Acts 12:15). If you could answer this I would be grateful. 6:24-26), if a priest was present to offer it. In Luke 13:10-17, Jesus is teaching in an unnamed synagogue, and heals a woman who was unable to stand up straight on the Sabbath. The simple answer is, "to teach." Several times (Matthew 4:23; Matthew 9:35; and others) the scriptures tell us that he went to the synagogue for just that reason. And there were many lepers in Israel in the time of Elisha the prophet; and none of them was cleansed, but only Naaman the Syrian. And all the people in the synagogue were filled with rage as they heard these things; and they got up and drove Him out of the city, and led Him to the brow of the hill on which their city had been built, in order to throw Him down the cliff. Its traditional functions are reflected in three Hebrew synonyms for synagogue: bet ha-tefilla ("house of prayer"), bet ha-kneset ("house of . They were a formal place for reverently storing scriptures, for reading scriptures, for instruction fr. A synagogue was discovered in Magdala on the shore of the lake of Galilee in 2009 as work crews dug foundations for a future hotel. Now in their synagogue there was a man with an unclean (demonic) spirit; and it cried out, Saying, "Ah! But more than that, Jesus, his disciples, and Paul (as well as most early Jewish followers of Jesus) went to the synagogue to worship. At the time, Jesus' ministry was less than a year old (it started in the fall of 26). 23:2). Here began the more intense process of understanding and applying the Torah and oral tradition to specific situations. 3 Is this . And yet, before we can even begin to understand the magnificent and thrilling . Study Shows Jesus as Rabbi. Jesus spent a significant amount of time teaching . In other words, the buildings reflected the primary role of synagogues as Jewish community centers, with worship as a secondary use of the space. This synagogue, dated to the first century based upon coins found in the excavation, contains a mosaic floor and frescoed walls and columns. It is never used to refer to the Temple, which was God's dwelling place and not primarily a place of assembly for the community. Rabbinic leadership of synagogues (which is what we are familiar with today) was limited in the first few centuries C.E. He said, "You must obey them and do everything they tell you. But the Jews who disbelieved stirred up the minds of the Gentiles and embittered them against the brethren. Therefore, though synagogues were found in some first-century communities, their status as places of worship was limited until after the temple was destroyed in 70 C.E. one that will give you an idea: And Jesus went about all the cities and villages, teaching in By the time a person was an adult, he knew most of the Scriptures by heart. . Photo: Yonatan Sindel/Flash90 . So He came to Nazareth where He had been brought up. Luke 4:31-37 describes Jesus teaching regularly in the synagogue, cf. . Jesus Is the Answer - John 14. Unlike the scribes or others who taught during synagogue services, Christ's teachings did not rely on Jewish traditions or what he "thought" certain Old Testament passages meant. read more. They read from the book, from the law of God, translating to give the sense so that they understood the reading. At other times, Paul's practice of teaching in the synagogue led to much persecution. B. Jesus spent much time in synagogues . On the one hand, they condemned as sinful the merciful work needed to free someone from their burden of physical pain and spiritual suffering. Archaeology cannot prove or disprove the Bible. They *went into Capernaum; and immediately on the Sabbath He entered the synagogue and began to teach. As the God of the Old Testament manifested in the flesh, he taught the true meaning behind what was written in the Bible. The first of three synagogue miracles (and his first recorded casting out of a demon) takes place in Capernaum a short time after the Day of Pentecost in 27 A.D. (Luke 4:16 - 30). Abode.--The word is better translated lodged in Matthew 21:12.Strictly speaking, it meant to lodge, not in a room, but in the court-yard of a house; and so was used generally, in military language, for a "bivouac." e. Women did not hold offices of authority in synagogues. After the reading of the Law and the Prophets the synagogue officials sent to them, saying, Brethren, if you have any word of exhortation for the people, say it.. And a man was there whose hand was withered. Matthew 4:13 describes Jesus leaving Nazareth and settling in Capernaum; Mark 1:21-28 describes Jesus teaching and healing in the synagogue; Luke 4:16-37 describes Jesus teaching regularly in the synagogue, cf. Here, the place in which Jesus taught and in which he cast out an unclean spirit ( Mark 1.21-28, Luke 4.31, 32) is shown. The brethren immediately sent Paul and Silas away by night to Berea, and when they arrived, they went into the synagogue of the Jews. The architectural style of these first century synagogues differs from that of later synagogues. Jesus was the consummate teacher, not only because of how he taught but because of what he taught. All the food was already prepared because no work was permitted during this time in most traditions. And He came to Nazareth, where He had been brought up; and as was His custom, He entered the synagogue on the Sabbath, and stood up to read. Another paradigm-breaking moment is found in the story of Jesus and his disciples at the home of the sisters Mary and Martha (Luke 10:38). When looked from a Jewish perspective . (For more information on this topic request our free article: "Jesus is Lord of the Sabbath.) It was customary to stand while reading Scripture but to sit while teaching. But I say to you in truth, there were many widows in Israel in the days of Elijah, when the sky was shut up for three years and six months, when a great famine came over all the land; and yet Elijah was sent to none of them, but only to Zarephath, in the land of Sidon, to a woman who was a widow. Luke 4:23, where Jesus, speaking in the Nazareth synagogue, refers to "what . a MATT. And as His custom was, He went into the Synagogue on the Sabbath day, and stood up to read. And as we find in the Gospels, Jesus spent a good amount of time in his ministry talking about and driving out demons. JESUS VISITS NAZARETH AND IS REJECTED. There are six days in which men are obligated to work; therefore, during those days come and be healed, but not on the SABBATH DAY (Luke 13:14). And according to Pauls custom, he went to them, and for three Sabbaths reasoned with them from the Scriptures. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. Here are 11 times Jesus took demons seriously-and why you should too! I have always taught in synagogues and in the temple, where all Jews come together. Satan causing Job and Apostle Paul to suffer physically) or possibly a mild form of demon possession (Luke 13:16). ", Now when they had traveled through Amphipolis and Apollonia, they came to, Now when the meeting of the synagogue had broken up, many of the Jews and of the, and immediately he began to proclaim Jesus, But some men from what was called the Synagogue of the Freedmen, including both, Synagogue Primarily an assembly of jews and God-fearers Had powers Of criminal courts, Synagogue Primarily an assembly of jews and God-fearers Had powers Of religious courts, Synagogue Primarily an assembly of jews and God-fearers, Synagogue Primarily an assembly of jews and God-fearers Constitutes a court of justice, Primarily an assembly of jews and God-fearers. Some Jewish traditions hold that there were places of assembly for the study of Torah during the time of the Temple of Solomon. The more gifted students might continue after age 12 or 13 in beth midrash (meaning "house of study," or secondary school). Their activity certainly included prayer, for going to the Temple to pray meant going at the time of worship and sacrifice. Women did not preach in synagogues. . We address God as "our Father" because we are his assembly. And there was a woman who for eighteen years had had a sickness caused by a spirit; and she was bent double, and could not straighten up at all. Luke's account, in fact, provides the . Call in the Witnesses - I Corinthians 15. We would do well to understand the synagogue of Galilee. When we look in the Greek New Testament we see that Yeshua is called "Rabbi" 16 times. It was the place where small groups of Jewish students assembled for Scripture reading and discussion of the Torah and oral tradition. Capernaum, located in a region known as Galilee, is the place where Christ and at least five of his disciples lived. There are no references to synagogues in the Old Testament, but there are many in the Gospels and the book of Acts. After the destruction of the temple, prayer became the central religious practice of the synagogue. But passing through their midst, He went His way. After the destruction of the Jewish temple in A.D. 70, worship could no longer take place in the temple, making the synagogue the central place of worship. Jesus, after a stinging rebuke of some religious leaders for upholding traditions they said represented God's will, summed up his criticism of them by stating the following. The synagogue of Capernaum affirms the authority of Jesus' "new" teaching (Mark 1:21-28). 2 And when the Sabbath came, He began () to teach in the synagogue; and [] the () many listeners were astonished, saying, "Where did this man learn these things, and what is this wisdom that has been given to Him, and such [] miracles as these performed by His hands? Most of the time the passages don't specify a day on which he went. Ezekiel 14:1. And as His custom was, He went into the synagogue on the Sabbath day, and stood up to read." ", Knowing scripture, knowing the word, synagogue, death and resurrection of the messiah, sabbath, school, [The Early Church], [Life of Jesus], [Hebrew Mind], 1 Corinthians 12:12-13, 1 Samuel 1:10-28, Acts 2:42, Acts 13:14, Deuteronomy 6:4, Ezekiel 11:16, Isaiah 1:11, Isaiah 56:7, Jonah 6:28-59, Luke 2:41-47, Luke 4:1-30, Luke 4:33-35, Luke 8:41-49, Luke 13:14, Luke 18:10, Luke 19:46, Mark 1:21, Mark 3:1-5, Mark 5:22, Matthew 4:23, Matthew 13:54, Matthew 23:2, Matthew 23:6, Numbers 4:24-26, Numbers 6:24, Psalm 116:17. As was the writing style of the times, Luke begins describing Jesus' ministry by giving an overall summary before . If you are trying to schedule a speaking engagement for Ray Vander Laan, please email Alison at [emailprotected], That the World May Know Ministries (TTWMK). In some towns, the synagogue may even have provided lodging for travelers. And he did so, and his hand was restored . 13:54-58; b MARK 6:1-6; c LUKE 4:16-31. b 1 And he went out from thence [from Capernaum]; and he cometh {a And coming} b into his own country; and his disciples follow him. Therefore, behold, I am sending you prophets and wise men and scribes; some of them you will kill and crucify, and some of them you will scourge in your synagogues, and persecute from city to city. /en/features/exploring-the-practices-and-customs-of-the-first-century-synagogue, Marc Turnage, the executive director of the Assemblies of God. Archaeological evidence is scant for those early synagogues, though later ones left much more substantial remains. The "spirit of infirmity" was likely either a demonic spirit who made the woman suffer (e.g. at night.--Literally, in the days . Jesus, in keeping with his culture, would simply begin with "It is written " knowing his audience would recognize an accurate quote. After all readings, a short sermon would be offered, often by the reader of the Torah or Haftarah. Jesus' teaching on prayer (Matthew 6:5-8) Summary. Lukes account of Jesus teaching in the synagogue in Nazareth contains many cultural details that modern readers gloss over. Scriptures: Matthew 13:54-58. And He came to Nazareth, where He had been brought up; and as was His custom, He entered the synagogue on the Sabbath, and stood up to read. The delegate would often serve as the preacher and would also read the section of the Prophets. Jesus was a religiously observant Jew. Jesus Rejected at the Synagogue - Matt 13. "How much more valuable then is a man than a sheep! And beside him stood Mattithiah, Shema, Anaiah, Uriah, Hilkiah, and Maaseiah on his right hand; and Pedaiah, Mishael, Malchijah, Hashum, Hashbaddanah, Zechariah and Meshullam on his left hand.read more.Ezra opened the book in the sight of all the people for he was standing above all the people; and when he opened it, all the people stood up. He stretched it out, and it was restored to normal, like the other. Synagogues provided the contextual backdrop for Jesus's stunning Messianic announcement and his acts of healing and teaching. This is another way of stating they opposed Christ because they felt he performed miracles not by the power of God but by using demonic powers. And He began teaching in their synagogues and was praised by all. Being addressed as "Rabbi" certainly indicated someone who had learned from a rabbi. He taught in them (Matt. The earliest archaeological evidence for a synagogue comes from Egypt dating to the second half of the third century BC, where the synagogue was called a place of prayer (see, This inscription parallels the primary purpose of the synagogue as attested in the ancient literary sources. Published: April 8, 2016. It is very difficult for us, almost 2,000 years removed from Jesus' day, to project ourselves back across the centuries of time to a culture and language so totally foreign to the western mind of today. There was a seat for the reader of the Torah called the Moses Seat (or the Seat of Honor), because the Torah recorded the words of Moses so the reader was taking Moses place (Matt. Ezra the scribe stood at a wooden podium which they had made for the purpose. He taught with authority. Let's find out! Jewish scholars believe Ezekiel's reassuring promise that God would provide a "sanctuary" (11:16) for his people is a reference to the small groups that gathered in their homes during the exile to recall God's covenant, his law, and especially the redemptive promises of the prophets. Why did Jesus go to the synagogue on Friday instead of Sunday? General Summary. 26 Bible Verses about Synagogue. Answer. Did you need to be called by someone in the synagogue in order to teach? Jews pray facing toward Jerusalem, so often the design of these later synagogues faces toward Jerusalem. Have You come to destroy us? c. Women did do public Torah readings in synagogues. Jesus Teaching in Synagogues. And He taught in their synagogues, being glorified by all. They will make you outcasts from the synagogue, but an hour is coming for everyone who kills you to think that he is offering service to God. By the first century, a synagogue was found in most of the towns and villages of Galilee. --so that they might accuse Him. Note the power our Savior possessed! 17 And x the scroll of the prophet Isaiah was given to him. The synagogue was not simply a place to share God's Word, but also an important part of the Jewish people's relationship to God. Interestingly, the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia asserts that first century Jewish leaders did not oppose healing miracles per se on the Sabbath. The following morning, the community gathered in the synagogue building. The piety of Jesus' parents continues in Jesus, as on the Sabbath day he went into the synagogue, as was his custom. 9.35), Dearest brethren real Christian Should Not use this prayer sign this prayer sign is for Idol worshippers and Yoga practioners and we all know Yoga is no. Performance & security by Cloudflare. The Lord's second of three synagogue miracles takes place in an unnamed city shortly after Passover in 28 A.D. (Luke 6:6 - 10, Matthew 12:9 - 13, Mark 3:1 - 5). It also describes the role of the synagogue within the land of Israel prior to the destruction of the Temple in A.D. 70: Theodotos, son of Vettenus, priest and ruler of the synagogue, son of a ruler of the synagogue, grandson of a ruler of the synagogue, built the synagogue for the reading of the Torah and the teaching of the commandments, and also the guest chamber and the upper rooms and the ritual pools of water for lodging for those needing them from abroad, which his fathers, the elders and Simonides founded. Luke 4:16-37 describes Jesus teaching regularly in the synagogue, cf. (John 18:19-20) But, who did Jesus heal on the Sabbath and how? The Gospels record that Jesus went throughout Galilee teaching in their synagogues Yet the Christian reader rarely ponders the significance of such an apparently common structure so central in Jesus ministryThe synagogue provided a. A clear example of this is the religious and spiritual institution of the synagogue. Notes: This visit occurred early in Jesus's Galilean ministry, after He had been gone for about a year. One of the obvious differences in chronology between John's gospel and the 'Synoptics' (Matthew, Mark and Luke) is that John gives an account of Jesus in Jerusalem on four different occasions, two during a Passover ( John 2.13, 12.12 ), one during an unnamed festival . Nonetheless, reading and interpreting the Torah and Prophets is well attested in first-century synagogues (Acts 15:21), and although scholars disagree about the extent of communal prayers, literary sources suggest that Jews prayed in at least some synagogues at this time (Matt 6:5, Josephus, Life 280-295). Then He said to the man, "Stretch out your hand!" : A Source Book, Capharnaum: The Town of Jesus, an overview of excavations by Franciscan archaeologists. This could have been quite a social embarrassment to the family. All members of a Jewish community could participate in the community life of the synagogue. In that way, it proved to be a significant part of God's preparing exactly the right cultural practices for his Son's ministry.
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